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CHAPTER 3 C: BLOCK 4
BLOCK 4, LOT 1–HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Frank McWorter sold the southern half of lot 1 to Spaulding Burdick in 1846 and the northern half of the lot to D. A. Kittle in 1848. The 1850 Federal Census lists Spaulding Burdick as a 63 year old male shoemaker. His household includes Ann (22 yrs old) John (14 yrs old), and Benj. (9 yrs old). (The Burdicks were the last remaining land holding family in New Philadelphia until they sold portions of Block 12 and 19 to the New Philadelphia Association in 2005.) D. A. Kittle is listed in the 1850 Federal Census as a 29 year old merchant, living with Sophia who is recorded as 29 years old. The 1867 Tax Assessment shows that William Spicer had no improvements on the lot and prior to 1883 the southern half of lot 4 was not improved. In 1883 A. B. Johnson had a total of $150 in improvements on lots 1, 2, and 3; however, it is difficult to determine which lots were improved. Later owners of the lot include John Kellum and Frederick Venicombe. The families listed on the deed, tax, and census records associated with this property from 1855 through 1880 are white and the male occupations are listed as farmers. This lot was sold 29 times in 90 years. The deed, census, and tax data related to Block 4, Lot 1 follow. The names italicized are those who may have occupied the lot since they appear in both the deed and the census data.
DEED TRANSACTIONS
HADLEY TOWNSHIP RECORDS
1855 STATE CENSUS
1860 FEDERAL CENSUS (Block 13, Lots 3 and 4)
1865 STATE CENSUS
1870 FEDERAL CENSUS
1880 FEDERAL CENSUS
BLOCK 4, LOT 1 – ARCHAEOLOGY In 2002 and 2003 archeologists preformed a walkover survey of this property that identified a large amount of artifacts on Lot 1, with a heavy concentration in the southeast corner (Gwaltney 2004). The remains of a well exist on the northeastern portion of the lot. There was also a large concentration of nails identified on the surface, suggesting the remains of a building. In 2005 Michael Hargrave (CERL) performed a geophysical survey of this lot and identified several anomalies on the northern and eastern portion of the lot (Figure 3C.1).
Figure
3C.1 Electrical Resistance and Magnetic survey of Block 4, Lot 1. Anomaly
V is Feature 7 and Anomaly U is Feature 13
Oral histories indicate that a dwelling and/or a store sat on this lot in the early twentieth century and the identified anomalies may be a signature of a possible house, and/or outbuildings. No structures are noticeable in the 1939 aerial photograph. The goal of the archaeology is to ground truth the anomalies on the eastern portion of the lot. Verification of the anamolies may provide information related to the town’s early settlement and subsequent building, rebuilding, and eventual abandonment. This work helps to develop a general idea about the settlement pattern in New Philadelphia.
Archaeologists worked on eight Excavation Units in this lot (Figure 3C.2). The team worked on EU 1, 4, 5, and 7 to ground truth one of the anomalies. The plow zone soil was removed in arbitrary levels and the soil tended to be a 10YR 3/1 (very dark gray) silt to a 10YR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) silty-clay. Clinker, mortar, and brick were found along with a relatively large quantity of glass, ceramics and iron fragments. At the bottom of A2, about 1.0 to 1.2 ft. below the surface, the team located Feature 7 in all four excavation units (Figure 3C.3, and 3C.4). The top measures 766.20 ft. to 766.33 ft. amsl. The feature contains a large quantity of brick and stone and is rectangular in shape and measures about 6.0ft. east-west and by 3.5 ft. north-south (Figure 3C.5). Archaeologists did not have a chance to bisect this feature before the end of the field season, and at this point we can not clearly define this feature. Several ceramic shards dating to the 1830s/1840s are on the top of the feature and it provides some evidence that the associated context may date to the early settlement of the town. There is a good chance that the feature was created before 1867 since the deed records do not show any improvements on the southern part of the lot. Excavation of the feature will occur next field season.
Figure 3C.2. Location of excavation units in Block 4, Lot 1 (Drawn by Carrie Christman, Eva Pajuelo and Alison Azzarello). (click on image for larger view)
Figure 3C.3. Profile of block excavations that located Feature 7 (Drawn by Carrie Christman, Eva Pajuelo and Alison Azzarello). (click on image for larger view)
Figure 3C.4. 2005 NSF-REU students (Andrea Torvinen and Kimberly Eppler) excavate Feature 7 (Photograph by Paul Shackel). (click on image for larger view)
Figure 3C.5. Plan view of Feature 7 (Drawn by Carrie Christman, Eva Pajuelo and Alison Azzarello). (click on image for larger view)
Archaeologists also placed four Excavation Units – 2, 3, 6 and 8 – in order to ground truth another anomaly. The plow zone existed to a depth of 1.0 ft. below the surface and archaeologists removed it in two arbitrary levels (A1 and A2). The soil consists of a 10YR 4/2 (dark grayish brown) silt. The team recovered a large quantity of unidentified metal pieces, glass fragments and ceramic shards (Figure 3C.4). At the bottom of A2 archaeologists defined a scatter of mortar, brick, stone, cinder and ceramics. It is just below the plow zone, and it is designated Feature 13, and it is located in all excavation units (EU 2, 3, 6, and 8). It measures about 4.5 ft. north–south and 6.0ft. east–west (Figure 3C.6 and 3C.7). Archaeologists uncovered this feature at the end of the field season and further investigation will continue during the next field season.
Figure 3C6. Profile of block excavations that located Feature 13 in Block 4, Lot 1 (Drawn by Carrie Christman, Eva Pajuelo and Alison Azzarello). (click on image for larger view)
Figure 3C.7. Plan view of Feature 13 in Block 4, Lot 1 (Drawn by Carrie Christman). (click on image for larger view) |
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© 2003-2005 University of Maryland
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